Entry 4_ Đinh Thị Huyền Trang
Entry
4
ARGUMENT
STRUCTURES AND FALLACIES
Item
1: Funny story
Albert Einstein once went to a restaurant. The
Waiter placed menu-card before him. Unfortunately Einstein had left his
reading-glasses (specs) at home, so he said to waiter : “Would you please read
it out to me?”. The waiter hesitated a bit and then replied: “I would have been
glad to, Sir, bit I am also an illiterate like you.”
Source: http://www.lazydesis.com/jokes/181473-einstein.html#ixzz2CdWeuhXu
Source: http://www.lazydesis.com/jokes/181473-einstein.html#ixzz2CdWeuhXu
→ Structure
fallacy: Affirming the consequent.
Analysis:
·
The waiter thinks that:
If a person is illiterate, then he cannot read. (If A, then B)
Einstein cannot read.(B)
Therefore, Einstein is a illiterate. (Therefore, A)
→Invalid and
weak argument.
·
The right structure:
If
A, then B
A
Therefore,
B.
Item
2: Picture
→Fallacy of
presumption: False dilemma (False
premise).
Analysis:
The
attitude of a person toward another is just not only love or hate. It may be
neutral or something between that, for example, you can like or dislike.
Item
3: An advertisement of Toshiba TV.
→Fallacy of
relevance: Appeal to popularity.
Analysis:
In
this advertisement, Tang Thanh Ha asks many people and all of them answer: “Tôi
có một power”. These people come from
different places (Ha Noi-Hue-Ho Chi Minh), ages, career, genders…. At the end
of the advertisement, many people say unanimously: “Tôi yêu Toshiba”. It proves
that this product is very popular. Many people use it, so you should also do
that.
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