NGUYỄN ANH TUẤN_ ENTRY 4

ENTRY 4

Argument Structures and Fallacies

ITEM 1

A professor is lecturing to his class.

Prof: "So you can see that a new and better morality is sweeping the nation. No longer are people with alternative lifestyles ashamed. No longer are people caught up in the outmoded moralities of the past."

Student: "Well, what about the ideas of the great thinkers of the past? Don't they have some valid points?"
Prof: "A good question. The answer is that they had some valid points in their own, barbaric times. But those are old, mouldy moralities from a time long gone. Now is a time for new moralities. Progress and all that, you know."

Student: "So would you say that the new moralities are better because they are newer?"
Prof: "Exactly. Just as the dinosaurs died off to make way for new animals, the old ideas have to give way for the new ones. And just as humans are better than dinosaurs, the new ideas are better than the old. So newer is literally better."

Student: "I see." 

Source: http://www.nizkor.org/features/fallacies/appeal-to-novelty.html

 

      + This sort of idea has the following form:

1.      X is new.

2.      Therefore X is correct or better.

       + Fallacy: Appeal to Novelty

Item 2:

có người nói : “Anh là ngỗng, vì anh ăn Bắp cải”

Source: Phương pháp giải các bài tập của Logic học, NXB Bách Khoa Hà Nội, 2010, trang 196

      + This statement has the following form:

           Almost all S are P                                                        Tất cả ngỗng ăn bắp cải (hiden)

           a is P                                                                            Anh ăn bắp cải

                                                                                               

            Therefore, a is S                                                            Nên, anh là ngỗng 

      + Fallacy type: Reasoning in a chain with almost all à wrong conclusion

                      

ITEM 3:

HLV Văn Sỹ: “Việt Nam thua do thiếu may mắn”

Source: http://www.baomoi.com/HLV-Van-Sy-Viet-Nam-thua-do-thieu-may-man/87/5322678.epi

è Week argument:

      +  Analysis:

                        “Đủ” may mắn là yếu tố duy nhất giúp một đội bóng dành chiến thắng (hiden)

                         Đội bóng Việt Nam thiếu may mắn

                         Đội bóng Việt Nam thua trận

+ The first premise is invalid.