Name: Nguyen Thi Oanh

Entry 4: Analyzing Arguments

Item 1:

                    “If we ban smoking, then people will start taking drugs and then move onto hard drugs, and the crime rate will go up and up. We should therefore prevent crime by allowing smoking”

- Analysis:

 If we ban smoking, then people will start taking soft drugs

                                                        ↓

                                Then they move onto hard drugs

                                                        ↓

                                       The crime rate will go up and up

____________________________________

We should therefore prevent crime by allowing smoking

-> False premises (ban smoking increases crime rate) and insufficient premises.

=> Fallacy of presumption: slippery slope.

Source: http://changingminds.org/disciplines/argument/fallacies/slippery_slope.htm 

Item 2:

-Analysis: From the picture we can realize author’s opinion

    

     If you wear Zu sandals, you will attract men

     If you don’t wear Zu sandals, you will not attract men

However, the fact is you may still attract men, probably not like this.

=> Structural fallacy.

Source: http://www.marketingchienluoc.com/marketing/lý-luận-marketing/tham-khảo/11172-những-poster-quảng-cáo-giày-dép-độc-đáo

Item 3: 

                     “Some of the Christians I met are hypocritical. Therefore, Christians are hypocrites”

- Analysis:

Premise 1: Some of the Christians I met are hypocritical

Premise 2: What is true for some members is true for the whole group

Conclusion: All Christians are hypocritical

-> The second premise is a false premise (because what is true for some members is not true for the whole group)

=> Fallacy of presumption: hasty generalization

Source: http://www.tektonics.org/guest/fallacies.html